US renew Congress and a third of the Senate this Tuesday
US voters go to the polls next Tuesday (3/11) to renew the entire House of Representatives and a third of the Senate. The contest takes place amid 66% disapproval of Trump's government, according to a Reuters/Ipsos poll.
Voters of the Estados Unidos go to the polls next Tuesday to choose new members of Congress in a dispute that could alter the balance of forces in Washington and impose new obstacles on the government of Donald Trump. The midterm elections, known as midterms, renew all 435 seats in the House of Representatives and 35 of the 100 seats in the Senate.
The election takes place at a time of political wear and tear for the Republican president. Dissatisfaction with the cost of living, the conduct of the economy, trade tariffs and the effects of the war against Iran are pressuring Casa Branca on the eve of the vote.
Dispute over control of Congress
With the Republican majority in both houses by a narrow margin, Democrats see an opportunity to regain space in the legislature. The midterms are held every four years, always in the middle of the US presidential term.
The system provides for legislative elections every two years, with the full renewal of the House of Representatives and about a third of the Senate. In the House, the 435 deputies have two-year terms and represent electoral districts distributed across the 50 states, according to population size.
To control the House, a party needs to win at least 218 seats. The Senate, in turn, has 100 members, two representatives per state, regardless of the number of inhabitants. The term of office is six years, with gradual renewal.
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Possession and electoral organization
The elected parliamentarians will take office in January 2027, when the 120th Congress legislature begins. Unlike Brazil, the Estados Unidos does not have a national electoral body equivalent to the Superior Electoral Court (TSE).
Each state organizes and counts its own votes, following local rules. Early voting and mailing are also part of the electoral process. Citizens voted for the 2024 U.S. presidential election in Maryland.
Trump’s popularity weighs on the dispute
Trump’s popularity is one of the main factors influencing the electoral landscape. Reuters/Ipsos poll released on Oct. 19 found that 66 percent of Americans disapprove of the Republican administration, while 31 percent approve of the president’s performance.
The survey also identified that dissatisfaction is mainly focused on driving the economy and increasing the cost of living. The result represents one of the worst approval ratings recorded for Trump in both terms.
Commercial tariffs generate wear and tear
The president’s trade policy has also become a point of wear and tear. Since returning to Casa Branca in January 2025, the current president has expanded the use of tariffs on imported products, on the grounds of protecting U.S. industry and strengthening the domestic economy.
The measures, however, provoked judicial questions, reactions from business partners and criticism from business sectors. The increase in import costs has also fuelled the debate on the impact of tariffs on prices paid by consumers.
As the vote approaches, the outcome of the polls will set the political stage for the next two years of Trump’s term. The expectation is that popular participation and state results indicate the direction of public policies in the Estados Unidos.
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